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CANINE 
DISTEMPER 



1920 

Price 25 Cents 



c 



CANINE 
DISTEMPER 



1920 

THE DELSON CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc. 
NEW YORK 






HpHE author takes this opportunity 
■*■ of acknowledging the material assis- 
tance and cooperation which he has re- 
ceived from many sources in the pre- 
paration of the following pages. 



Copyright 1920, by 
The Delson Chemical Company, Inc. 



FEB 19 1920 



CI A 5 6 3 1 5 5 



xvioD | 



Foreword 



F all the scientific achievements which mark the ad- 
vance of civilization, none could be of greater value 
than a method whereby disease can be brought under 
control. Health is our greatest asset. The average citizen 
would willingly give up many of our modern conveniences 
in return for the assurance of the perfect health of himself 
and his family. The announcement, therefore, that we have 
brought a disease of the nature of canine distemper under 
control, will be of general interest, not only because of the 
control of the disease itself but because this infection belongs 
to a group or class of diseases, in which are included our in- 
fluenza and pneumonia, which have hitherto baffled all at- 
tempts at successful treatment. 

The defensive mechanism by which the body combats 
disease is the same in all warm blooded animals. The part 
played by the cow, the rabbit and the horse in the treatment 
of such diseases as small pox, rabies and diphtheria is well 
known. The old saw "try it on the clog" has become the 
basis of our modern research work. 

Thirty years ago disease was a mystery. The physician 
was guided mainly by the symptoms. Little was known of 
its cause beyond the fact that certain diseases could be traced 
to germs. In many of our common infections the cause 
was unknown. Since the announcement of an effective 
antitoxin against the diphtheria bacillus, great strides have 
been made in bacteriology. We now have a fairly complete 
knowledge of the life history of the various infecting agents 
which cause disease and we are also able to recognize and 
identify those substances in the body which resist infection. 
With this knowledge has come the realization that disease 
is more powerful than the curative powers of the body and 
that nature's forces are unable to cope with disease in virulent 
form. 

Medical science has advanced very rapidly in recent years. 



Many of the beliefs that were accepted ten years ago have 
been discarded. So rapid has been the advance in medical 
knowledge that considerable confusion has arisen. It has 
been difficult for the busy practitioner to follow the immense 
amount of research work that is being carried on, much of 
which, it must be admitted, has been unprofitable. Some 
of the knowledge gained during the war period has not yet 
been disseminated. It will be well, therefore, before pro- 
ceeding with a discussion of distemper, to review briefly 
our modern understanding of disease from the time infec- 
tion occurs until the final triumph of the curative forces. 

The Germs of Disease 

In any discussion of infectious disease a knowledge of 
germ life is necessary. In the early days of serum therapy, 
when it was discovered that a small amount of serum, de- 
rived from a horse which had been inoculated with the diph- 
theria bacillus, would protect the human being against the 
specific toxin of the disease, it was thought that it would be 
but a short time before successful treatments could be pre- 
pared from the germs of other diseases. With the many 
forms of terrestrial life before their eyes, it seems incredible 
that investigators should suppose that all germ life was 
fashioned after the same pattern. We now know that there 
is a great variety in the pathogenic organisms which cause 
disease and that many of them do not yield to serum therapy. 

The germs of our common diseases may be divided into 
three general classes: 

First. The necroparasites. These germs are possessed 
of a very low grade of infectiousness, that is, the power to 
multiply and spread through the body, but kill through their 
highly fatal poisons. The diphtheria and tetanus bacilli 
are typical. While the germs may be unable to maintain 
themselves in normal tissue, their toxins are powerful enough 
to kill even after the germs themselves have ceased to exist. 
Production of their poisons* ends with the germs. Thus the 
toxins are limited and can be controlled by an antitoxin. 

Second. The true parasites. This group of organisms 
is highly infectious and aggressive, but the infection is ac- 
companied by little or no toxic effect. An example is the 

*This includes the endotoxins which are set free after the disintegration of the mi- 
croorganisms. 

4 



anthrax bacillus. Manifestation of disease is often lacking, 
although the blood of the infected animal may be swarming 
with the organisms. Thus the infection may be far advanced 
before a warning is given. 

Third. The semiparasites. Between these two groups 
are the semiparasites. They are infectious and aggressive 
and multiply rapidly in the system. They also produce a 
poison which, though not as deadly as the toxins of the 
necroparasites, is an important factor in the development 
of the infection. These are the germs with which we have 
to deal in canine distemper and in some of the most serious 
human diseases as influenza. Successful treatment requires 
the destruction of the offending organisms. The toxins are 
not limited, as in the case of the first group, each new germ 
adding to the poisons in the system. Were it possible to 
bind all the toxins at any period of the disease, in a short 
time a new generation of organisms would produce new toxins. 
An antitoxin, therefore, is not effective. 

Besides these three groups, there are many transition forms 
of organisms and, in addition, the Tissue Parasites. 

Defensive Forces 

The forces which nature has at its disposal to combat 
disease may be divided into two classes, those which are 
available at the time the infection occurs and those which 
develop as the direct result of the infection. In the first 
class are the bactericidal power of normal serum and the 
power of the white blood corpuscles and other phagocytes 
to ingest disease germs once they have broken through the 
outer covering of the body and entered the system. Normal 
serum contains opsonins which prepare the invading organ- 
isms for phagocytosis. A lowering of the opsonic content 
of the blood predisposes an animal to disease. 

In the second class are the various bacteriolytic and an- 
titoxic antibodies which are liberated by the cells after disease 
has found a footing in the system. Various theories have 
been advanced as to how this phenomenon occurs, notably 
Ehrlich's side chain theory. Ehrlich's conception of anti- 
body formation has passed many corroborative tests. His 
doctrine is important to the study of distemper, for, if we 
accept the side chain theory, it is possible to demonstrate 
that the infection can prevent the formation of antibodies, 



thus depriving the animal of its main defense against disease. 
This fact alone would account for the very high death rate 
in distemper. 

The cells are the active basis of all animal organization. 
According to Ehrlich's doctrine, a cell is composed of a cen- 
tral nucleus upon which the life and activity of the cell de- 
pends, attached to which are a variable number of subsidiary 
mouths or receptors (side chains) by which the nutrition of 
the cell is regulated. These receptors differ from each other 
in certain chemical affinities, according to the nature of the 
food molecules to be absorbed by the cells. The many 
different body cells (for example, the blood cells, the nerve 
cells, the muscle cells) varying in nutritional requirements, 
account for a considerable variation in the receptors. Ehr- 
lich conceives that toxin molecules may accidently possess 
the same affinity for certain receptors as the food molecules 
they are accustomed to receive under normal conditions. 
To the possibility that different disease germs are attracted 
by a different set of side chains is attributed the specific 
immunity which follows various infections. When infec- 
tion occurs the germ or its toxin becomes affixed to a receptor 
with the result that not only is the cell deprived of necessary 
nourishment but injury or complete destruction may follow. 
The cell rids itself of this condition by casting off the receptor, 
and its loss stimulates the regenerative cell activity to replace 
the damage. According to Weigert's theory, the defect 
in the cell structure is repaired above the necessary measure. 
Each individual receptor which the cell loses is replaced by 
numerous mouths, of which the fittest will remain with the 
mother cell, the remainder being cast off into the blood cir- 
culation, where they act as antibodies. The same law of 
regeneration is common in the vegetable kingdom. If a 
limb is removed from a tree, many small branches will spring- 
forth to supply the requirements of the roots, the most favored 
branch crowding off the others, just as in the development 
of these new mouths, some are cast off. The free receptors 
(antibodies) have the same affinity for the toxin molecules 
as those attached to the cells. They combine with the 
germs and their toxins and render them harmless. It is 
significant that Ehrlich, having attained this knowledge of 
the body's defensive forces, turned to chemotherapy. 



Distemper 



CANINE distemper is a semiparasitic infection. It 
is highly contagious. On account of the widespread 
distribution, frequent recurrence and high death rate 
it ranks as one of, if not the most serious infectious disease. 
The germ of distemper is a fixed and volatile virus which is 
easily held in suspension in the atmosphere. Under suitable 
atmospheric conditions it may be carried to a distance and 
is readily transmitted by animate or inanimate objects. 
It enters the system through th? nose, mouth or eyes. 

Cause. Much research work has been done to determine 
the specific organism of distemper. In 1910 Ferry isolated 
a short narrow bacillus which he called the Bacillus Bron- 
chisepticus. This bacillus is found in all organs of the body. 
Other observers, especially Torrey, corroborated Ferry's 
findings. The same bacillus, and many other organisms, 
are described by other investigators. They may be here 
given briefly: 

Bacillus Bronchisepticus, bi-polar, solitary or in pairs 
(Ferry, McGowan, Torrey, Rahe and Scott). Bacillus of 
Distemper, small dagger shaped bacillus (Semmer and Jess). 
Pasteurella Canis, bi-polar (Lignieres, Cadiot, Breton). 
Short rod bacillus (Wunscheim). Staff bacillus (Piorkowski). 
Short motile bacillus (Babes and Bazanesco). Coli (Jensen 
and Mari). Cocci, in groups or chains (Rabe). Diplococcus 
(Martin, Mathis, Legrain, Jacquet, Taty and Jacquine). 
Streptococcus (Jensen). Staphylococcus (Zelinski, Neucki 
and Karapinski). Micrococcus producing skin eruption, 
bronchopneumonia and gastro-enteritis (Marcone, Meloni 
and Casol). Ovoid Bacillus (Galli-Valerio, Petropawlowski 
and Ceramicola). 

It is probable that the Bacillus Bronchisepticus is the 
cause of distemper and that the other bacteria contribute to 
the severity and fatality of the disease. 

Whatever the cause, the symptoms are well marked and 



vary greatly according to the organs affected. Three types 
of the disease are recognized; respiratory, gastroenteric and 
nervous. These subdivisions have grown out of the_ old 
method of symptomatic treatment and are not entirely 
accurate. Involvement of the nervous system includes the 
nerves controlling digestion, resulting in the impairment of 
the digestive organs and the consequent weakening of the 
whole system, exposing the lungs and bronchi to further in- 
fection. Some authorities include a fourth type, exanthe- 
matical or pustular distemper. This manifestation, however, 
is more properly classed as a secondary infection. 

Symptoms. At first the dog appears dull and languid 
with little inclination for food. The nose is moist and cold 
and soon becomes hot and dry. As the symptoms develop, 
a watery discharge from the eyes and nose appears, accom- 
panied by sneezing, fever, shivering. The temperature rises 
to about 105° F. or over, but varies with the severity of the 
disease, sometimes becoming subnormal. Gastric distur- 
bances are evidenced by a husky cough, retching, vomiting 
and diarrhoea, the excretions sometimes mixed with blood 
and traces of intestinal mucosa. As the disease progresses, 
the discharge from the eyes and nose becomes purulent, 
the teeth are coated and the breath offensive. There is rapid 
emaciation, even though a fair amount of nourishment is 
taken. The eyelids become inflamed and swollen, the breath- 
ing labored, the inclination for warmth more evident and 
the prostration greater. 

When the nervous system becomes involved the dog 
appears depressed. This condition may be varied by short 
periods of restlessness and excitement. The eyes become con- 
gested and the muscles over the forehead throb and twitch. 
This is followed by a twitching of the muscles of the extremi- 
ties, the lower jaw and legs, weakness of the hinder parts 
and a partial or general paralysis. Impairment of the nerves 
in the region of the intestines is not clearly indicated and must 
be anticipated. Loss of appetite and general intestinal de- 
rangement should be looked upon with suspieiem. 

At times the foregoing symptoms are accompanied by 
pustular eruptions, particularly on the abdomen and the 
inner surface of the thighs. In some cases many of these 
symptoms are absent. The dog may have, apparently, a 
very light case and suffer little inconvenience from the malady. 



Vigilance should not be relaxed on this account. Suddert 
and rapid changes are common in distemper and a change 
for the worse may come without warning. 

Prognosis. Before the days of chemotherapy the prog- 
nosis of distemper was generally considered unfavorable. 
The United States Department of Agriculture estimated 
the death rate at fifty per cent. 

Under the old therapy there were two reasons for a fatal 
termination in distemper: first, a lowered resistance of the 
body; second, an increased virulence of the infection. In 
distemper, as in many other diseases, the virulence of the 
organisms, especially during epidemics, is frequently greater 
than the most robust constitution is able to combat with the 
curative forces which nature provides. Virulence in the semi- 
parasites may be defined as increased ability of the invading 
organisms to multiply in the infected animal. Greater in- 
jury and a more rapid progression of the infection follow as a 
consequence. Let us see what this power is and how it occurs. 

Virulence. If a puppy is ill fed, badly housed and closely 
confined — in other words, raised under unnatural conditions — 
it will grow up a weak little runt that will likely fall a prey 
to the first infection. On the other hand, a puppy which is 
well fed and given plenty of exercise will grow to maturity 
in full possession of the natural forces which resist disease. 

Now let us suppose that puppy No. 2 is placed in a kennel 
in which an outbreak of distemper occurred the year previous 
and in which some of the germs still remain. These germs 
have been out of their natural habitat for a considerable 
period. They have been exposed to frequent changes of tem- 
perature and atmosphere and have lost considerable vitality, 
in other words, they have become attenuated. When puppy 
No. 2 comes down with distemper a weakened germ is com- 
bated with the full power of resistance of perfect health. 
The infection progresses with difficulty and the puppy comes 
easily through the disease. 

The germs are carried to a neighboring kennel where 
there is a litter of puppies of the first type. Here they 
find a host in which conditions are more suitable for develop- 
ment. Having passed through this kennel, they emerge 
with their aggressivity greatly increased and in a condition to 
overcome a stronger resistance than any hitherto encountered. 
Ar,rl so. in passing from one dog to another, the organisms 



acquire, not only powers of offense, but increased resistance 
to nature's defensive forces, until eventually they attain a 
degree of virulence beyond anything in the power of nature 
to combat. The reverse may also occur. 

Until we have a more definite knowledge of the germs caus- 
ing distemper, we can only speak of the defensive and offen- 
sive forces of the microorganisms in general terms. Many 
forms of pathogenic organisms have the power of forming 
capsules, or of thickening their outer surface. Whether or 
not the capsule is actually, in a sense, a defensive armor has 
not been definitely determined. The fact remains that 
capsule formation is evidence of increased virulence. Germs 
may also protect themselves against the action of drugs 
or sera by casting off the receptors through which the bac- 
tericidal action of these agents is communicated to the life 
of the organism. 

Toxins*. With a higher order of virulence the increased 
power of the distemper toxins play an important part in the 
development of the infection, protecting the germs from at- 
tack, by weakening the defensive forces of the host and ren- 
dering the conditions suitable for rapid multiplication of the 
bacteria. This may be accomplished directly, by the ac- 
tion of the toxins on the cells themselves or indirectly, by the 
effect of the toxins on the organs. In the direct toxic 
effect we see a deterrent influence on the phagocytic action 
of the white blood corpuscles and injury to the cells which 
renders antibody formation more difficult. 

The indirect effect of the distemper toxins on the canine 
system. is none the less fatal; it, in fact, constitutes one of the 
most serious phases of the disease. Clinicians have long 
been familiar with the effect of various infections of this 
character upon the intestines and lungs. Realizing the 
close interaction between the various organs, injury to the 
body's defensive forces is to be expected as a consequence. 
Chemotherapy has added materially to our knowledge of these 
phenomena. With the perfecting of the chemical germicide, 
it has become possible to eliminate the infection at any 
point of the disease. Thus we can measure these distur- 
bances and note their progression at the various stages of 
the infection. . 



.. -*T he -injuries attributed to toxic effect may also occur through the activities of the 
microorganisms themselves, the toxins assisting. 

10 



Distemper is notorious for disturbances of the intestinal 
tract. Some impairment of digestion must be expected 
under these conditions. By the employment of the chemical 
germicide it has been possible to demonstrate that this im- 
pairment occurs very early in the disease, even before dan- 
gerous symptoms appear, and results, in some cases, in com- 
plete suspension of the gastro-intestinal functions. The 
rapid emaciation, so often seen in distemper, is thus satis- 
factorily accounted for by starvation. We give here briefly 
our observations by which this was determined. 

The germicide Delcreo is readily absorbed by the diges- 
tive organs. Under the most favorable circumstances a 
complete saturation of the system can be obtained by oral 
dosage in from twelve to fourteen hours. If treatment has 
been prompt and thorough, clinical evidence of the infection 
ends shortly afterwards. And yet, at the beginning of our 
researches, there were many cases of distemper which did 
not respond to treatment. From this it appeared that the 
animal's digestive organs were not functioning. This we 
were able to prove, for on the administration of a stimulant 
(whiskey or brandy) similar cases responded promptly. 

In seeking an explanation for impaired digestion two 
theories suggest themselves. First, the effect of the toxins 
on the intestinal membranes; second, injury to the controlling 
nerves. The evidence is in favor of the latter, for the reason 
that while intestinal inflammation is common in distemper 
and is clearly indicated by symptoms, in many of our cases 
these symptoms were entirely absent, the animals in some 
instances showing little evidence of being ill. In the light 
of the Ehrlich doctrine, it would seem, that intestinal im- 
pairment has a very direct effect on antibody formation. 
With the loss of their nutriment, not only are the cells weak- 
ened but even the incentive for the formation of the new 
mouths no longer exists. 

Injury to the lungs results in faulty oxygenation and in- 
jury to all the cells of the body through the accumulation of 
waste products. The recent pandemic of influenza afforded 
the opportunity of observing this phase of these infections* 
for in this instance influenza approached closely the virulence 



*Influenza closely resembles canine distemper in etiology, S3^mptoms and progres- 
sion. _ The successful results obtained in the treatment of distemper with a chemical 
germicide have been duplicated in influenza and pneumonia in humans and our findings 
verified by practitioners in these diseases. 

11 



so common in distemper. With the aid of chemotherapy 
it was possible to stamp out the virulent influenza infection 
within fourteen hours of first symptoms. Nevertheless, dur- 
ing that short period the injury to the lungs had so far ad- 
vanced that inflammation could be demonstrated forty-eight 
hours afterwards. 

Complications. The danger of a fatal termination in 
distemper is increased by secondary infections of which the 
most serious is pneumonia. We have seen the effect of dis- 
temper on the lungs. The resulting inflammatory or catarrhal 
condition of these organs offers fertile media for pneumococci 
and streptococci invasion. On account of the animal's 
weakened condition it is highly fatal. 

The pyogenic infection often causes a serious complica- 
tion. The infection may be present in the system in a mild 
form before the onset of distemper and develops in severity 
with the disease. This, in a measure, accounts for the early 
appearance of the pustular eruptions in some cases and not 
in others. This complication assumes a serious phase in 
the later periods of the disease, when the animal's body has 
been weakened by the strain of the primary infection. Dogs 
frequently succumb to the internal abscesses after they have 
reached the convalescent stage. 

Chorea, a common sequel of distemper, may sometimes 
be classed as a complication because of the additional strain 
imposed upon the nervous system. It is the result of the 
action of the distemper toxins on the nerve cells. It follows 
more often an anaemic condition. 

The germicide has eliminated much of the danger of com- 
plications. 



12 



Treatment 



SINCE the earliest days of medical science the cure of 
disease has been accomplished by the curative powers 
of the body. That nature's forces so often fail should 
not be construed that nature's methods are faulty, it denotes 
but the limitation of our physical powers. Nature's law is 
the survival of the fittest. In other sciences man has im- 
proved on nature's methods. This principle is now applied 
to the control of disease. 

Medical progress has been necessarily slow, because of 
its dependence on the development of subservient sciences, 
as biology, anatomy, bacteriology, chemistry and others. 
It is only within the last generation that we have had a 
fairly accurate knowledge of the agents of infection. We 
are only just beginning to appreciate the significance of viru- 
lence. During the pandemic of influenza of 1918, methods 
of control were attempted which had been abandoned in the 
treatment of distemper because they failed in the virulent 
cases. Virulence is very common in distemper, yet there 
is no means of telling at the onset how powerful an infection 
we have to combat. We have, therefore, come to look upon 
all distemper cases as virulent cases and these the chemical 
germicide alone has the power to control. 

The dog has always been the trusted friend of man. We 
have cause to be grateful for his services when in full posses- 
sion of his health and vigor. How much more grateful should 
we be since, in the time of his adversity, he has pointed out 
the way to control disease. 

In the development of chemotherapy we have profited 
from the experience gained in other methods. It will be well 
therefore, to give some consideration to medication and serum 
therapy before discussing treatment by germicide. 

Medication 

Drugs are used to reduce fever, to relieve pain, to correct 

13 



intestinal disorders or to stimulate activity in some organ; 
but the febrifuge, the cathartic or stimulant is employed 
merely to relieve the animal of some of the strain which dis- 
temper imposes; it is nature alone which effects the cure. 
It is true that some of the drugs of the older Pharmacopoeia 
as creosote, quinine or mercury, have germicidal properties, 
but these are not sufficiently available to materially change 
the situation. Like the others, they but influence the course 
of the infection. The one exception, if exception there be, 
is alcohol, by counteracting the distemper toxins. 

In 1917 the House of Delegates of the American Medical 
Association condemned the use of alcohol in a resolution 
stating "its use in therapeutics as a tonic or stimulant or for 
food has no scientific value." In 1918 the officers and mem- 
bers of this Association, in the uniform of the United States 
Army, were, figuratively, pouring whiskey into the concen- 
tration camps in the fight against influenza. 

Alcohol has been generally used in distemper, and well 
known distemper "cures" contain as much as twenty-five 
per cent. It is of value for its influence on digestion. In 
dilute solutions it promotes the flow of saliva and the gastric 
juice and increases the vascularity of the gastric mucosa. 
After absorption it acts as a sedative on the nervous system 
and reduces the strain on the nerves. It also has the value 
of sparing tissue, thus replacing nutrients. Habit forming 
properties and the danger of overindulgence cannot be urged 
as excuses for depriving the dog of alcoholic medication. 

Vaccines and Serums 

Serum therapy has been of great value in the study of 
infectious disease. It has been an effective aid in diagnosis 
and has been employed with more or less practical results 
in the prevention and the control of some infections. From 
the scientific standpoint it has suffered from the overenthus- 
iasm of its paid advocates, who would make it a cure-all. 
For it must be remembered, that serum therapy is but the 
bringing into play, through artificial means, of the same 
forces which the body produces naturally. It is therefore 
subject to nature's limitations. It has been of little value 
in distemper. After a thorough test, both scientifically and 
commercially, it has been very generally discarded for more 
modern methods. 

14 



Vaccines for Prevention. When a dog has passed 
through distemper it becomes immune from further attack. 
The immunity thus acquired is generally permanent but may 
be broken down if the system becomes debilitated. 

Immunity arises first from antibodies which are present 
in the system in great numbers for a period following conval- 
escence. It is not supposed however, that these antibodies 
always remain, but once having passed through the disease, 
the cells respond more readily to further infection. 

Science has been able, in some diseases, to bring about 
antibody formation by inoculation with bacteria which have 
first been rendered harmless, but the immunity which follows 
is not permanent nor can it always be relied upon.* In 
some diseases there are several strains of the infecting or- 
ganisms. Inoculation with one strain gives little or no pro- 
tection against infection by the others. This has added to 
the difficulty of successful vaccination. It must not be 
lost sight of that distemper is a mixed infection. 

Preventive inoculation in distemper is similar to the 
methods employed in typhoid. The cultures are either killed, 
or so far attenuated, as to preclude the danger of a general 
infection. Living vaccines are preferred, because during the 
short time the cultures remain alive in the system, they 
may be able to secrete some of their metabolic products. 
Torrey in his experiments used cultures of the B. bronchi- 
septicus only; others have used a mixed vaccine containing 
cultures of bronchiseptici, streptococci and staphylococci. 
Torrey advises three inoculations at intervals of ten days 
and reinoculation every six months. Vaccination against 
distemper, sometimes results in inpairment of the nervous 
system. Chorea or loss of the sense of smell have resulted. 
The latter in a hunting dog is almost as serious, from the ow- 
ner 's standpoint, as the loss of the animal's life. 

Vaccination may be advisable if the dog is to be entrusted 
to inexperienced hands for any considerable time. The 
animal should be in perfect condition. It must not be in- 
oculated while exposed to distemper. 



•'■During the world war preventive inoculation against typhoid, which has hitherto 
been considered the most dependable of our modern preventive treatments, gave unsat- 
isfactory results probably due to the strain of war conditions. There were outbreaks 
of typhoid among the vaccinated. This was particularly noticeable in the American 
Army because of the high degree of immunity previously obtained from preventive in- 
oculation, and in the Italian outbreak because of the high death rate. -Italian statistics 
show that the mortality among the vaccinated for the two years 19 17 and 1918 was 21.7% 
a3 agai&st 20% in the unvaccinated. " " ' ' <« "" 

15 



Curative Serums. There are two forms of distemper 
sera in use today. The first is, more properly speaking, a 
curative vaccine and is similar to that employed in preven- 
tion. While it may in some cases hasten antibody formation. 
it is possible that some of the serum may combine with 
antibodies already formed and render them inactive. The 
second is an antiserum containing antibodies already formed. 
This is obtained from a suitable animal which has been inoo- 
lated with a series of injections of the distemper bacteria. 
This may be of value if administered in the early stages or 
before the infection has become general. Its action is, how- 
ever, dependent upon the resistance of the microorganism. 
The success of serum as a curative agent in infections of the 
necroparasites and its failure in semiparasitic infections are 
clearly due to the fact that in the first we are combating 
an inanimate poison, in the second the toxic molecule is a 
living germ. If it is possible to demonstrate that the germs 
of distemper in virulent form have the power of reproduc- 
tion, even after union with the antibodies, the whole theory 
of serum therapy in this disease falls to the ground. 

Increase of the opsonic content of the blood is claimed for 
some sera by their manufacturers. 

Chemotherapy 

In the progress of civilization, where man has found his 
limitations, he has overcome them through his inventive 
genius. The earth, the sea, even the air has yielded to his 
dominion. 

Chemotherapy is the logical outgrowth of a better under- 
standing of disease. For centuries the ills of the body were 
shrouded in mystery and superstition. With a more per- 
fect knowledge of the agents of infection and the limitations 
of the body's curative powers, medicine, following the course 
of human progress, has turned to a more powerful agent, the 
chemical germicide. 

The most virulent disease gernis can be destroyed by 
germicides. Antiseptics occupy the first place in our modern 
sanitation. They are effective for all parts of the body which 
can be reached by external application, but the toxicity 
which accompanies germicidal power in the ordinary germi- 
cide precluded its use internally, except in insufficient 
dosage. We find a very clear statement on the subject by 



Dr. Charles E. Simon at the beginning of his chapter on 
Chemotherapy.* He says: 

" In the foregoing chapters we have seen that the animal 
body has at its disposal a mechanism by means of which it 
is not only capable in many instances of preventing infection, 
but even of overcoming this successfully if by any chance 
microorganisms have once passed the outer barriers and 
have gained a foothold in the tissues proper. We have also 
seen that it is possible to introduce some of those substances 
which the body makes use in its defence, from without, and 
that we can frequently turn the balance of the scales toward 
recovery in this manner, where, unaided, this would have 
been impossible, or attended by grave danger. Nevertheless 
we must admit that only too often all our efforts to combat in- 
fection by the body's own methods are in vain, and that in the 
majority of infectionsweare still far from a successful treatment. 

"In view of the fact that in the test-tube we are able to 
destroy microorganisms with the greatest ease, by the aid of 
a large number of chemical preparations, the thought has na- 
turally suggested itself whether it would not be possible to 
assist the normal defences of the body by the administration 
of some of these substances. We know as a matter of fact 
that the only specific medicinal treatment of the older Phar- 
macopoeia, viz., that of malaria by means of quinine, and of a 
syphilis by means of mercury, depends upon the destructive 
effect of the remedies in question upon the respective para- 
sites. The recognition of this fact is of recent date, how- 
ever, and does not form the basis upon which the treatment 
of these diseases was established. The discovery of the thera- 
peutic properties of quinine and mercury, in other words, 
was not the outcome of logical thought and corresponding 
experimentation, but purely accidental. 

"But the fact that it is actually possible to destroy some 
of the pathogenic microorganisms in the body of an infected 
individual by chemical means, would suggest that a similarly 
fortunate result might be achieved with other substances 
in the case of other organisms. The earlier investigations 
in this direction were, however, not crowned with success, 
and it was soon realized that in these studies also, accident 
would probably have to play a role, unless indeed every chemi- 
cal substance were individually tested. The first and most 

*Iui'ectioa and Immunity p 271. 

17 



formidable difficulty which was encountered depended upon 
that fact that the majority of those substances which have 
strong germicidal properties, when tested outside of the 
animal body, were promptly rendered innocuous by entering 
into chemical combination with the albumins of the blood, 
when introduced into the body, and if a certain dose was ex- 
ceeded their toxic effect was such that any attempt at destruc- 
tion of the parasites would have carried with it the destruc- 
tion of the host." 

Thus we see that a germicide to be effective in internal 
medication must have a high bactericidal power and a low 
toxicity. It must not be affected adversely by the body fluids 
and on the other hand must not in any way injure the tissues 
or those substances in the body which are nature's protec- 
tion against disease. In addition, and what is quite as im- 
portant, it must be in such form as to insure a proper distri- 
bution throughout the system. Assimilation by the diges- 
tive organs is a simple and dependable test in this respect. 
Delcreo complies with these requirements in every particular. 
A description of this germicide will be found elsewhere. 

The germicide Delcreo is sufficiently powerful to destroy 
the most virulent distemper infection. There is surplus 
power in the higher dosage. It has brought the treatment 
of the disease almost to the certainty of a mathematical prob- 
lem. The doubtful quantity is the rapidity with which the 
virulent infection progresses. Here, as in treatment by the 
body's own methods, the animal's resistance and the power 
of the organisms are both factors. The toxic molecules of 
distemper in virulent form, once the infection has become 
general, are almost as rapidly destructive as some of the 
mineral poisons. If the infected animal's resistance is of a 
low order, it becomes a question of the number of hours that 
will elapse before destruction has gone so far that the disease 
can no longer be successfully treated There is no greater 
fallacy than the theory that "while there's life, there's hope." 
The animal's heart and lungs will function and consequently 
the dog will remain alive for a considerable period after the 
system has been injured beyond repair. 

Early treatment is of great importance. In combating 
distemper with the animal's own antibodies, and it must be 
remembered that even when an antiserum is injected most .of 
the antibodies are formed in the system, a period. of several 

18 



days must elapse before the crisis. Much may happen dur- 
ing this time; destruction of the tissues, impairment of the 
organs, a general weakening of the system and the possi- 
bility of a secondary infection. 

With the introduction of chemotherapy all this has been 
changed. The full power of the germicide can be applied 
by oral dosage in from fourteen to twenty-four hours, depend- 
ing upon the animal's digestion, and serious injury prevented. 
This can be accomplished in a much shorter time by intra- 
venous injection. In the early period of the disease the bac- 
teria are comparatively few, but they multiply rapidly, 
not by tens and hundreds, but by millions. Distemper may 
be likened to a conflagration. In the beginning it is easily 
controlled; let it go unchecked, and there is no limit to its 
destructive force. Until the infection has become general 
the toxins are a help rather than a hindrance as they pro- 
duce warning symptoms.* 

With the experienced kennelmaster, who is careful of his 
dogs, early treatment is a simple matter. As a rule he is 
familiar with his dogs' past history. He knows which are 
susceptible and these are watched carefully for the first 
appearance of symptoms. With the veterinarian the case 
is different. Too often, through false notions of economy 
or otherwise, his client does not call for his services until the 
dog or dogs are really ill. In many instances the disease, 
by that time, has progressed beyond all hope of treatment. 
A closer cooperation between the dog owner and the veterin- 
arian will eliminate needless delays. 

If the germicide has been properly administered there is 
little danger of complications. Chemical germicides in proper 
dosage are generally destructive to all classes of pathogenic 
organisms. In this they are superior to serums which are 
specific. In testing germicidal solutions in the laboratory 
the results are the same whether the germicide is added to 
the water in the test tube before or after the entrance of the 
germs. The same is true of the body. If the germicide is 
already in the system, the germs which may find their way 
into the tissues proper are destroyed. Thus the danger of 
pneumonia and other secondary infections has been almost 
eliminated by chemotherapy. 

*Cbeniotherapy is effective in semiparasitic infections because in most cases symp- 
toms give warning in time to destroy the organisms before the toxic effect becomes ser- 
ious. In infections of the true parasites, the germs often carry on their work unnoticed. 
In infections of the necroparasites destruction of the organisms does not end the dan- 
ger from the toxins. 

19 



Directions 



DELCREO is given by mouth but, in advanced* cases, 
time can be saved by administering it intravenously. 
The oral dosage should be continued however, for the 
antiseptic cleansing of the intestines. When given by mouth 
it is important to remember that to be effective the germicide 
must reach the blood stream. A close watch should be kept 
for the first signs of impaired digestion. Nausea, which is 
common in distemper, should be regarded with suspicion. 
It is an indication of a sensitive mucosa. While this is not 
necessarily serious, it is the first step towards impaired diges- 
tion. 

Until the infection is under control, only a small amount 
of nourishment should be given, thus reserving the digestive 
organs for assimilation of the germicide. Avoid liquid foods 
or water in quantity as they dilute the germicide, preventing 
complete absorption. If treatment has been begun before 
the animal's appetite has become impaired, it may be given 
a small piecef of stale bread slightly moistened with sweet 
milk three times a day. The Delcreo may be poured over 
this at meal time, thus avoiding a liquid in the intestines, 
which may produce nausea. An equal amount of whiskey 
or brandy may be added for its favorable effect upon diges- 
tion and the nervous system. If the animal refuses its food 
forcible feeding must be resorted to. Sweet milk or broth 
should then be substituted for bread and milk. If food or 
medication is lost through vomiting, give a half dose of Del- 
creo with an equal amount of sweet milk for its antiseptic 
effect on the intestines. This should be repeated in an hour 
and if no further indications of nausea appear the regular 
treatment may be resumed. 

The germicide should be given every two hours until the 
infection is under control. During convalescence it should 
be given at least three times a day. The average dose is 

*This refers to the progression of the infection and not to the lapse of time. 
tOne half ounce for a dog weighing from twenty to thirty pounds. 

20 



one teaspoonful for a dog weighing twenty pounds. For lar- 
ger dogs in proportion. In severe cases the dose should 
be doubled. A mature dog of one of the smaller breeds can 
be given to advantage a proportionately larger dose than a 
puppy of equal weight belonging to one of the larger breeds. 

Nursing puppies can be treated by administering the Del- 
creo to the dam in regular doses. In twenty-four hours the 
germicidal power of the drug will be transmitted through 
the milk. The puppies can be treated indivdually if pre- 
ferred. 

If digestion has become impaired, or, if through the pro- 
gression of the infection it is apparent that the proper assi- 
milation of the germicide is not obtained by oral dosage, or, 
if the disease is far advanced before treatment is begun, 
Delcreo should be administered by intravenous injection. 

The needle should be inserted in the vein of the inner 
thigh. The hair should first be removed and the surface 
antiseptically cleansed. The germicide should be thoroughly 
shaken, diluted with an equal amount of sterile distilled water 
and strained through sterile gauze under strict aseptic pre- 
cautions. The solution should be warmed to body tempera- 
ture and slowly injected drop by drop. This operation should 
be performed by a specialist. The average dose is 10 c. c. 
of a fifty per cent solution for a dog weighing twenty-five 
pounds. If a second injection is necessary it should be ad- 
ministered twelve hours afterwards. 

Prophylaxis 

Delcreo may be used effectively as a preventative by giving 
it whenever there is a possibility of exposure to infection. 
The development of disease will be prevented as long as the 
germicide remains in the system. While the immunity is 
of short duration, it can be renewed as often as necessary 
and will be found convenient when exposing dogs to the strain 
of the bench show or railroad journey. When dogs are trans- 
ported, treatment should begin twenty-four hours before 
shipment and should be renewed on the dog's arrival. Per- 
manent immunity can be secured with no more inconvenience 
to the animal then preventive inoculation entails, by exposing 
the dog to infection and then administering curative treat- 
ment. Twelve hours in close proximity with an infected 
animal will usually insure contagion. The germicide should 

21 



then be given promptly by oral dosage. Under this treat- 
ment the disease seldom passes the incubation stage, and symp- 
toms may not appear. 

This treatment is not advised nor is it necessary if the dog 
is in careful hands. Chemotherapy in distemper has shattered 
another truism "that an ounce of prevention is worth a 
pound of cure. " The day is not far distant when to deliber- 
ately introduce the poison of disease into the system for pro- 
phylactic purposes, except where absolutely necessary, will 
be looked upon as a barbarism. 



22 



General Remarks 

N the preceding pages we have endeavored to tell, 
briefly, what distemper is, how it kills and how it 
may be controlled. Distemper is always a serious 
matter and not to be trifled with. There is only one safe 
rale in treating this disease and that is to stamp out the in- 
fection at the earliest possible moment. There is another 
reason for prompt treatment. While Delcreo will destroy 
the causative organisms, nature alone can repair the damage 
they have caused. Serious injury to the system and a pro- 
tracted convalescence can be avoided by prompt treatment. 
A healthy condition is a valuable ally because the sys- 
tem must absorb and distribute the germicide and the natural 
forces of the body resist the infection until the germicide is 
in control. This is particularly true in distemper because 
of the strain on the nervous system. Proper feeding, exer- 
cise, cleanliness, internal as well as external, and freedom 
from parasites are the first essentials. An antiseptic cleans- 
ing of the intestines and blood stream with Delcreo will be 
found beneficial. 

Anything which will delay germicidal action should be 
avoided. There is a tendency on the part of new users of" 
Delcreo to experiment, particularly if they have had success 
in some cases with other treatments. Their most serious 
error is to attempt to administer a purge or a vermifuge. 
During the progress of the disease the digestive organs are 
in a delicate condition and the administration of an irritant 
may be the last straw that will break down digestion. Del- 
creo can always be administered by intravenous injection, 
but if the digestive organs have ceased to function the dog may 
yet starve to death. 

It must be remembered that all dogs are not alike. This 
often makes the reading of symptoms uncertain. In some 
breeds or strains, inbreeding has been practised to such 
an extent as to generally weaken the constitution of the 

23 



species. There is also the same difference between individuals 
in dogs as there is in humans. A dog of great courage will 
often fight against disease until he is overwhelmed by it, 
while a less courageous dog of a nervous temperament will 
collapse before the infection has reached a serious stage. 
Two instances may be cited. 

Our attention was called to a chow, which was in such 
a state of collapse from distemper, that a veterinarian was 
sent for to chloroform him. Delcreo was administered and 
the dog responded so promptly that it was evident that the 
dog's system had suffered little injury from the disease. 

The second instance is one of very sad memory. An 
English setter, she will be found under No. 24151 in the Stud 
Book, had fought distemper with great courage for four long 
weeks. She had been the constant companion of the author 
for all of her two and one half years but it was evident that 
the final parting was very near at hand. Everything possible 
had been done for the dog, but it was in the early days of 
distemper knowledge, Torrey had not yet reported his investi- 
gations for the Continental and chemotherapy was unheard 
of; little could be done except careful nursing. As the dog 
had so few hours to live she was taken out into the orchard 
where she could feel the sunshine and look upon earth's 
brightness for the last time. It so happened that in a hedge 
row near where the dog lay, a mother quail and her brood 
had passed, and as the scent came faintly to the dog in her 
fever, she arose unsteadily to her feet and pointed, even the 
near approach of death could not quench her spirit. It was 
her loss which first prompted these studies. Looking back it 
is difficult to realize the dread in which the disease was held 
in those days. 

DELCREO 

DELCREO has been made possible by a method of re- 
fining creosote which is a distinct advance over the 
German process under which much of the medicinal 
creosote was manufactured. Under the Delson process, not 
only are the irritating properties of the drug elimina- 
ted, but this refined creosote, which is a concentrate, shows 
a greater germicidal power than Creosote U. S. P.* The 
Creosote Delson is then combined in a glycerine emulsion 

*Phenol coefficient Creosote Delsoa 3.00 Creosote U. S. P. 2.75, 

24 



with the hypophosphites of calcium, sodium and potassium. 
Combinations of creosote and calcium have been attempted 
in the past on the theory that alkalies neutralize acids but 
much of the germicidal power was lost in the process. Creo- 
sote Delson withstands the neutralizing process. 

Delcreo is nontoxic in the largest possible dose. Labora- 
tory experiments show that to obtain a lethal dose over 
twenty-five times the capacity of the stomach must be given. 
It is difficult to determine the germicidal action in the body. 
Laboratory experiments in various dilutions indicate that 
the germicidal power of Delcreo is slightly in excess of car- 
bolic acid. 

EQUINE INFLUENZA 

THE veterinarian will find Delcreo a valuable aid in the 
treatment of influenza in horses, sometimes called dis- 
temper, pinkeye, shipping fever, or stable pneumonia. 
Much of the information contained in this booklet will also 
apply to this disease. 

It will be found convenient and economical to administer 
the germicide by intravenous injection. 

REPORTS FROM USERS 

DELCREO was the outcome of animal experiments 
which were carried on in connection with the treat- 
ment of pneumonia and other diseases in children. 
It was desired to ascertain the effect of a larger dosage in 
virulent cases. Canine distemper was selected on account 
of the high death rate. The results of these experiments 
were reported in The American Field of July 1st, 1916, and 
created widespread interest among the kennel clubs and other 
organizations devoted to the dog. Fred M. Stephenson 
wrote "If you have discovered a cure for distemper you cer- 
tainly will have accomplished a wonderful thing for all 
us dog lovers." 

For some months the germicide was distributed, for ex- 
perimental purposes, among universities and other institu- 
tions, and veterinarians and breeders, in order to obtain a 
thorough test, because results obtained in the laboratory or 
clinic are not always borne out in general practice. In the 
fall of 1916 Delcreo was put upon the market. From that 

25 



time up to the present we have been receiving letters of com- 
mendation from all parts of the United States. Many of 
these are too long to print. We reproduce a few of the briefer 
communications. 

ALFRED OBERLE 
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine 

BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 

New York City, Dec. 30, 1919 

In replying to your communication as to results obtained in the treatment of ca- 
nine distemper and pneumonia with Delcreo, I am breaking a life-long rule. I never 
before have written my approval of a preparation, but in the case of Delcreo I am justi- 
fied. I hope the information will benefit others, and stimulate research. 

You will be interested in the following record which begins in November, 1916, and 
continues through the next July, while I was connected with a City hospital. The re- 
cord shows 1014 cases of distemper, pneumonia and enteritis. These cases were treated 
with Delcreo as symptoms indicated* recoveries, 911; deaths, 103: or, a death-rate of 
10%. And I am convinced that many of the fatalities could have been avoided, had 
the cases reached us in time. 

My opinion of Delcreo is furthermore strengthened by results obtained since in my 
private practice, which are far more favorable. 

I think the above record speaks for itself. Otherwise I would hesitate to write what 
might be construed as merely an indorsement of a preparation. I can truly say that 
Delcreo has put me in a position where I no longer dread distemper. 

Yours truly, 

Alfred Oberle, 



VALLEY FORGE KENNELS 

Established 1899 Registered A. C. C. 

ALL FARM RAISED STOCK 

Phone — Norristown 1993-W Valley Forge Volcano at Stud Telegraph Norristown, Pa. 

December 29,'19 
Enclosed please find my corrected check. Kindly credit me with same. I also 
want to say I used three bottles of Delcreo for five puppies three months old, that were 
shipped to me in the worst stage of distemper I ever saw on Oct. 18, and I sold every 
pup for Xmas in perfect health. I need not say it will always be in my kennels. Thank- 
ing you. I am, Yours very truly, 

A. H. Crockett. 



CHARLES A. HALEY 

Utility Kennels Bath, N. Y. 

October 23, 1919 
I am very glad to advise you that in my experience of more than thirty-five years 
with dogs, I have never before found a distemper cure that worked so quickly and ef- 
fectively as Delcreo on the two puppies that I gave it to. Both are coming on finely 
and I do not think it wise to be without it 

Thanking you in advance for your prompt attention and congratulating you on 
having a longfelt want, by dog men, I beg to remain, Sincerely yours, 

Chas. A. Haley. 



Amenia, N. Y., May 6, 1919 
have just wired you to send me a bottle of Delcreo for distemper on first train. 
I have great faith in your medicine. Last year I had an airdale bitch taken very 
sick with apparently distemper. The odor was frightful, and she discharged from ears, 
nose and vagina, and when she tried to drink, strings of slime came from her mouth. 
Could not eat except when I would hold her head up and drop in little balls of chopped 
beef. Her tongue looked like a piece of calf's liver and finally about one inch of the end 
of it fell off. The vet made a number of visits and finally told me he could do no more 
for her. I had one half bottle of Delcreo on hand, and immediately began giving her 
heavy doses. I noticed an improvement within 24 hours, and she was well in less than 
two weeks. 

I have since talked with veterinary, and people up on dogs and they seem to think 
she had black tongue, which I understand is almost always fatal. 

Very truly yours, 

Frank T. Mead. 

26 



Canton, Conn., August 22, '19 

Medicine received in good time. Thanks for same. 

I am having good luck with the medicine so far. Anybody could go through my 
kennel now and they never would think distemper had been there. Dogs are just as 
sleek as moles and look fit to take right out and show. I never saw dogs hold their flesh 
before, this is certainly a revelation to me. Anyway I am feeling very cheerful. I don't 
think chorea and paralysis follow so readily after Delcreo treatment, at least it does not 
look so to me now. 

Thanking you for your promptness, believe me, Yours very truly, 

William S. Hawkins. 



WALLS KENNELS 

Mrs. A. E. Walls, Owner 

Cocker — Water 

SPANIELS 

Camp Dennison, Ohio, February 12, 1919 
I wish to thank you immensely for putting such a wonder on the market for sale as 
"Delcreo." It ought to be considered one of the wonders of the world, the dog world 
at least. 

I am so happy to say "Little Teddy Cole" is alive and going to live. He had a very 
bad esse of "pneumonia." I have given Delcreo faithfully every two hours. Thank 
you, my dog is on his feet. I remain, Yours very truly. 

Mrs. A. E. Walls. 



BRINGTON KENNELS 

January 26, 1919 

It is with the greatest of pleasure that I can write you with the feeling of success 
that "Delcreo for Distemper" has done for my kennel. I can say one hundred per cent, 
cure has been the result of "Delcreo." 

One wonderful case I should like to mention. I had a Pekinese develop distemper 
three days before whelping. I doubled the dose and she gave birth to 4 puppies and on 
the sixth day the fever had left her. I kept up the use of "Delcreo" and have some very 
valuable pups. And not a thing but "Delcreo." It was the best $1.50 I ever spent. 

I also use it when a dog goes off his feed and in a couple of days they are always back 
at the feed dish eating better than ever. I certainly shall stand by "Delcreo," first, 
last and always, for with its use, distemper, the worst death-dealer in dogdom, has been 
muzzled. It has two virtues. It takes the worry out of distemper as well as the germs. 

You may use my name in connection with "Delcreo" at any time or place, for I 
am always ready to recommend it to any dog-owner. Respectfully yours, 
112 Brighton Avenue, Allston, Mass. Ernest R. Houghton, 



Joseph E. Thomas, President H. V. Huyler, 2nd Vice Pres* 

Middleburg, Va. 21 Maiden Lane, New York City 

Wm. Du Pont, Jr., 1st Vice Pres. R. M. Menefee, 3rd Vice Pres. 

Montpelier Station, Va. Hawlin, Va. 

THE AMERICAN FOXHOUND CLUB 

Delegate to A. K. C. Executive Committee 

Walter W. Stokes — 

66 Broadway Frank D. Stuart 

New York City Middleburg, Va. 

— Malbon Gore Richardson 

E. Lester Jones Upperville, Va. 

Secretary- Treasurer R. L. Bohanmon, M. D. 

Stamford, Conn. 

November 28th, 1918 

Kindly send me six large kennel size bottles of your Delcreo.^ We have concluded 
after tw^ years of its use, that it is a necessity for success in raisingTlounds. Insincerely 
advise all dog breeders to use this remedy as directed. Yours*very truly, > • 
"Piedmont Hounds", Frank D. Stuart, 

Middleburg, Va. 

27 



South Heights, Pa., January 1, 191 
Please find enclosed P. O. money order for 16 oz. of Delcreo and do please send by 
return mail as I have bought the entire stock of Delcreo from your agents in Pittsburg. 
My entire kennel has come down with distemper and I absolutely do not want to run out 
of this Delcreo for it is without an equal today in this disease. I have tried all their dope 
but nothing for me but it. It simply is a miracle. It keeps them whether they eat or not. 

Respectfully, 

James Henry Elliott. 



ST. BOTOLPH'S KENNELS 
Cliftondale, Mass., U. S. A. 

June 28, 1918 
Kindly give me kennel prices on Delcreo. I think we are the largest breeders of 
Boston Terriers in the country. It gives me great pleasure to write that I think Del- 
creo is the best medicine we have ever used. 

You are at liberty to make whatever use you deem proper of this unsolicited testi- 
monial. With best wishes. Sincerely, 

Edward Axtell &. Son. 



STANDARD KENNELS 

English — French Bulls — Bostons 

White West Highland Terriers and Scottish Terriers 

Bedford, Ohio, April 29th, 1918 
Allow me to say that Delcreo is simply wonderful, it has all the vaccines on the mar- 
ket beaten a thousand ways, after a couple of doses you can see a marked improvement 
and we want to recommend most highly to any one who may have use for same. Wish- 
ing you success we are, Very truly yours, 
Standard Kennels, Wm. Larsen. 



HASSON KENNELS 
Cleveland, O. 

October 26, 1917 
Please send me one-half pint of your Delcreo. I can not do without it. It certain- 
ly works wonders I keep about 40 Bostons and as soon as a cold starts, I give Delcreo 
and they never get off feed and in a few days are all well again. Yours truly, 

Mrs. J. A. Hasson. 



Courtland, Ala., Oct. 9, 1917 
I am enclosing check for one dozen bottles of Delcreo. I find it the best medicine 
or dogs I have ever tried. Yours truly, 

W. D. Gilchrist. 

October 9, 1917 
Enclosed please find check for Five dollars seventy-five cents for which send me 
at your early convenience one sixteen ounce bottle of Delcreo. Now I know what this 
remedy is, I cannot be without it. I brought thirteen West Highland Terriers through 
distemper last March without losing one, and some of the dogs were desperately sick 
too. If my puppies show the slightest sign of colds, or of being out of condition, a few 
doses of Delcreo puts them right again and in every way the remedy is invaluable to 
me. I am, Very truly yours, 

Florence, Mass. Mrs. Elizabeth H. Warner, 



GLADSTONE SETTER KENNELS 

Fort Wayne, Ind., Sept. 18. 1917 
I am enclosing check for $13.80 for 3 pints of Delcreo which I received in good con 
dition. With what little experience I have had with Delcreo I think it the greatest speci- 
fic for distemper I ever used. I will do all I can for Delcreo as I think it's every sport- 
man's duty for the good of our most faithful friend The Dog. Wishing you success. 

Respectfully, 

Ben. J. Ankenbruck. 

28 



Bristow, Okla., July 30, 1917 
I want to thank you for the new booklet on Delcreo for Distemper which I received 
this morning. 

I also want to thank you for your remedy as I think Delcreo is the best specific for 
distemper as well as the best conditioner that it has ever been my good fortune to use, 
its action is wonderful and results are certain. I know because it saved a very fine White- 
stone puppy for me when I had given her up to die, she was so weak that she could not 
stand when I gave her the first dose and inside of a week she was playing around the 
kennel yard. It certainly was a test as I had lost the other ten in the same litter be- 
fore my first bottle of Delcreo reached me, you know it is a long way from New York out 
here and I was trying other things to stop the disease before I ordered Delcreo. I have 
my friend L. D. Adam, to thank, as well, as he told me over the phone what Delcreo would 
do, now I would not be without it. Again thanking you and wishing you the success 
you deserve, I am Yours truly, 

. L. D. W. Rowe. 

Llewellyn J. D. ELLIS 

English and KENNEL 

Gordon Setters Field Trial and Shooting Dogs 

Pointers Thompson, Ala. 

July 25th, 1917 
I enclose check for 2 bottles Delcreo — I have used a few bottles with good results and 
have every doubt banished as to a conditioner, it will condition. Yours very truly, 

J. D. Ellis. 

K. H. CLEAVER 

Veterinary Surgeon 

Reading, Pa., May 26 1917 
Please send to my address one pint of Delcreo. I have given it a fair trial, and, find 
it what you claim. Yours and so forth, 

K. H. Cleaver. 



Orange. Cal., February 22, 1917 

The bottle of Delcreo which I recently received from you has already been put to 
very good use and in this case at any rate, has quite proven its worth. 

A few days after it arrived I received a telephone message from a friend asking me 
to advise him regarding the treatment for his dog which seemed very ill. I called at 
his home, found the dog in the orchard where it had been lying for two days or more. It 
was too sick to notice me, had considerable fever, and was discharging freely at the nose. 
Apparently a bad case of distemper. 

Since my friend had not called a veterinary it occurred to me to try out the merits 
of Delcreo if he were willing, and at my suggestion we placed the dog in a warm, dry place 
and began according to directions. 

Three days later he phoned me that his dog seemed "all right" again, was eating well 
and quite herself. He was somewhat astonished, but no more so than I. If Delcreo 
will always do the trick like this it is surely a most invaluable remedy and every kennel 
should have a supply. 

Please send me another bottle that I may not be without it in the event that my drug- 
gist has any delay in procuring it for me. Very truly yours, 

Ray Van Bibber. 

OAK HILL KENNELS 

L. D. Adam 
Meridian, Okla 

November 12th, 1916 
When I received your last shipment of 12 bottles of Delcreo I had 15 cases of distem- 
per in the hospital all fully developed temperatures running from 102 to 105. I had lost 
three cases before starting with this treatment and it looked as though several more of 
them would have to give it up, but since starting Delcreo I have not lost a case and am 
discharging them from the hospital every day well dogs. 

There were three new cases started that I was able to stop in three days time with- 
out removing from their regular lot where they were associated with other dogs and there 
nave been no new cases for over a week now, and I am satisfied that I have it under con- 
trol: some of these dogs have actually put on flesh while confined. 

Kindly send me 6 more bottles of Delcreo and mail bill for same. I have four bot- 
tles left and don't want to ever be without it on hand again. Yours truly, 

L. D. Adam. 

29 



PD-12 - 




PAI.MERTON PR1NTINC COMPANY • PALMERTON, PA. 






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